{"id":11101,"date":"2022-11-11T15:23:02","date_gmt":"2022-11-11T07:23:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lwops.cn\/?p=11101"},"modified":"2022-11-11T15:23:03","modified_gmt":"2022-11-11T07:23:03","slug":"prometheus%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e5%88%86%e4%ba%ab-prometheus%e7%89%b9%e7%82%b9%ef%bc%8c%e7%bb%84%e4%bb%b6%ef%bc%8c%e5%b1%80%e9%99%90%e6%8e%a2%e8%ae%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lwops.cn\/index.php\/prometheus\/prometheus-artisan\/11101","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus\u6280\u672f\u5206\u4eab\u2014\u2014Prometheus\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c40\u9650\u63a2\u8ba8"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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Job\/Exporter<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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Exporter\u7684\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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Telegraf\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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Telegraf\u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Telegraf\u7684CPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u6781\u4f4e\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u793e\u533a\u96c6\u6210\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u5982Linux\u3001Redis\u3001Apache\u3001StatsD\u3001Java\/Jolokia\u3001Cassandra\u3001MySQL\u7b49\u3002\u7531\u4e8ePrometheus\u548cInfluxDB\u90fd\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u5b58\u50a8\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u901a\u5730\u5c06Telegraf\u5bf9\u63a5\u5230Prometheus\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645POC\u73af\u5883\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Telegraf\u96c6\u6210Prometheus\u6bd4\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528Prometheus\u4f1a\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u548cCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pushgateway\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u662f\u62c9\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u63a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7Pushgateway\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002Pushgateway\u662f\u652f\u6301\u4e34\u65f6\u6027Job\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u9001\u6307\u6807\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u5b83\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7Prometheus\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u7528Go\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u5728Apache 2.0\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u4e0b\u5f00\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pushgateway\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u88ab\u91c7\u96c6\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548cPrometheus\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u9001\u6307\u6807\u5230Pushgateway\uff0cPushgateway\u63a5\u6536\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u7136\u540ePushgateway\u4e5f\u4f5c\u4e3atarget\u88abPrometheus\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6293\u53d6\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd: \u4e34\u65f6\/\u77ed\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002 \u6279\u5904\u7406\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002 \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0ePrometheus\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u5982\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff08\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff09\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6027\uff08\u4e0d\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u8def\u5f84\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\u3002 Pushgateway\u4e0e\u7f51\u5173\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5728Prometheus\u4e2d\u88ab\u5efa\u8bae\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e34\u65f6\u6027\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0d\u592a\u65b9\u4fbf\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u5f88\u591aPrometheus\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982UP\u6307\u6807\u548c\u6307\u6807\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u72b6\u6001\u76d1\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\uff08Service Discovery\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u673a\u5236\u5bf9\u4e91\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bb9\u5668\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u573a\u666f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u4f1a\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5730\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6700\u65b0\u7684target\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5b9e\u8df5\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u884d\u751f\u4e3a\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff08Ansible\u3001Cron Job\u3001Puppet\u3001SaltStack\u7b49\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u52a8\u6001\u611f\u77e5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982Kubernetes\u3001DNS\u3001Zookeeper\u3001Azure\u3001EC2\u548cGCE\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cPrometheus\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Kubernetes\u7684API\u83b7\u53d6\u5bb9\u5668\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff08\u5982\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5220\u9664\uff09\u6765\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u65b0\u76d1\u63a7\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u91cd\u542fPrometheus\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u52a8\u6001\u53d1\u73b0\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u7684target\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Relabeling<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u662fRelabeling\u673a\u5236\u3002Relabeling\u673a\u5236\u4f1a\u4ecePrometheus\u5305\u542b\u7684target\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5143\u6807\u7b7e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u9884\u53d1\u5e03\u3001\u7ebf\u4e0a\uff09\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u4e1a\u52a1\u56e2\u961f\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7b49\u6309\u7167\u67d0\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6807\u7b7e\uff09\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u6ce8\u518c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8fd4\u56de\u7684target\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5730\u91c7\u96c6\u67d0\u4e9bExporter\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662fRelabeling\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9prometheus\u6309\u7167\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u6309\u7167\u67d0\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u91c7\u96c6\u6307\u5b9a\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08Prometheus Server\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"prometheus\u670d\u52a1\u5668\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662fPrometheus\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u6293\u53d6<\/strong>\u3001\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong>\u548c\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\u8fd93\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6293\u53d6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Prometheus Server\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5730\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684Job\u3001Exporter\u3001Pushgateway\u8fd93\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7HTTP\u8f6e\u8be2\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u62c9\u53d6\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b58\u50a8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6293\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6e05\u7406<\/strong>\u548c\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\u6574\u7406\uff08\u6293\u53d6\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684relabel_configs\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6293\u53d6\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5185\u7684metrics_relabel_configs\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\uff0c\u4f1a\u628a\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6301\u4e45\u5316<\/strong>\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u6a21\u5757\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u591a\u6b21\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0cPrometheus 2.0\u7248\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u3002\u8be5\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bcf\u79d2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u4e2a\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u6444\u5165\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u53f0Prometheus\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u5343\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c1.3B\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528SSD\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5206\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\uff1a\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4fdd\u7559\u5230\u672c\u5730\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528SSD\u4e14\u4e0d\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7248\u672c\u7684Prometheus\u90fd\u4e0d\u652f\u6301NFS\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u6848\u4f8b\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0cPrometheus\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528NFS\uff0c\u5219\u6709\u635f\u574f\u6216\u4e22\u5931\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002 \u8fdc\u7a0b\u5b58\u50a8\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u3002Prometheus\u652f\u6301\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5b58\u50a8\u5305\u62ecOpenTSDB\u3001InfluxDB\u3001Elasticsearch\u3001Graphite\u3001CrateDB\u3001Kakfa\u3001PostgreSQL\u3001TimescaleDB\u3001TiKV\u7b49\u3002\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u8981\u914d\u5408\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u7684\u9002\u914d\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53caPrometheus\u4e2d\u7684remote_write\u548cremote_read\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5b58\u50a8\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3001\u538b\u6d4b\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u6539\u9020\u751a\u81f3\u91cd\u5199\u4e0a\u4f20\u6570\u636e\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u7b49\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u67e5\u8be2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7PromQL\u8bed\u53e5\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dashboard<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5728Prometheus\u67b6\u6784\u56fe\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0cWeb UI\u3001Grafana\u3001API client\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u7406\u89e3\u4e3aPrometheus\u7684Dashboard\u3002Prometheus\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9664\u4e86\u5185\u7f6e\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00PromQL\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53ca\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528Grafana\u7b49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u7aef\u5c55\u793a\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528Client\u5411Prometheus Server\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alertmanager<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Alertmanager\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8ePrometheus\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u544a\u8b66\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u5b89\u88c5\u90e8\u7f72\u3002Prometheus\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u591a\u4e2aAlertmanager\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u53d1\u73b0\u544a\u8b66\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7ebf\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u5355\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\uff0cAlertmanager\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u96c6\u7fa4\u5185\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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